Questions 1 through 5 are based on the following passage.

Gelatin is a protein substance that comes from the
skins and bones of animals. Most people know it as the
substance used to make a jelly-like salad or dessert. Not only
is it useful in making these foods, but it is also beneficial to
(Line 5) the consumer because of its high protein content. Gelatin is
also commonly used in the photographic industry and in
making medicinal capsules.
The process for producing gelatin is a long and
complex one. In the processing of gelatin made from bones
(Line 10) (which varies slightly from that of gelatin made from skin, the
grease first must be eliminated. Then the bones are soaked in a
solution of hydrochloric acid in order to rid them of minerals
and washed several times in water. Next, the bones are placed
in distilled water, heated to over 90°F for a few hours, placed
(Line 15) in fresh distilled water, and then heated again at a little over
100°F. A fluid forms from this heating, and it is concentrated,
chilled, and sliced. Finally, it is dried and ground. In its final
form, gelatin is white, tasteless, and odorless.

1. It can be inferred from this reading passage that

2. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?

3. All of the following industries are mentioned as using gelatin, EXCEPT

4. According to the passage, why is eating gelatin healthy?

5. The word "that" in line 10 refers to

Questions 6 through 10 are based on the following passage.

In 1920, after some thirty-nine years of problems with

disease, high costs, and politics, the Panama Canal was
officially opened, finally linking the Atlantic and Pacific
Oceans by allowing ships to pass through the fifty-mile canal
(Line 5) zone instead of traveling some seven thousand miles around
Cape Horn. It takes a ship approximately eight hours to
complete the trip through the canal and costs an average of
fifteen thousand dollars, one-tenth of what it would cost an
average ship to round the Horn. More than fifteen thousand
(Line 10) ships pass through its locks each year.

The French initiated the project but sold their rights to

the United States, which actually began the construction of the
project. The latter will control it until the end of the twentieth
century when Panama takes over its duties.

6. Who currently controls the Panama Canal?

7. The word "locks" in line 9 is closest in meaning to

8. On average, how much would it cost a ship to travel around Cape Horn?

9. It can be inferred from this passage that

10. All of the following are true, EXCEPT

Questions 11 through 15 are based on the following passage.

A tapeworm is a parasite that lives in the intestines of
humans and animals. Some tapeworms attach themselves to the
intestinal wall by means of suckers in their heads. Others float
freely in the intestines and absorb food through the walls of
(Line 5) their bodies.

A tapeworm consists of numerous segments. When a
new segment forms, the older ones move to the back of the
animal. Each segment contains hermaphroditic sexual organs
(that is, male and female organs). The uterus of each segment
(Line 10) fills with eggs, which develop into embryos. Generally, when
the eggs are ready to hatch, the segment breaks off and is
eliminated through the host's excretory system.

These embryos hatch, develop into larvae, and grow to
adults only if ingested by an intermediate host. One may be
(Line 15) infected by tapeworms by eating under- cooked beef, pork, or
fish. Symptoms include irregular appetite, abdominal
discomfort, anemia, weakness, and nervousness.

11. Why does the author describe the tapeworm's life cycle and infection process?

12. The word "eliminated" in line 11 is closest in meaning to

13. The word "others" in line 3 refers to

14. Which of the following is probably NOT a symptom of tapeworm infestation?

15. What would be the best title for this reading passage?