1. What does the man mean…

2. What does the woman mean....

3. What does the man mean…

4. What does the woman mean…

5. What does the man mean…

1. Patients suffers from common arthritis can be treated using heat, physical therapy, and aspirin.

2. My sister always ___ a glass of milk before bed.

3. The ordinary chair___ in countless shapes, sizes, styles, and materials.

4. To control quality and ___ decisions about production are among the many responsibilities of an industrial engineer.

5.

Alligators are about the same color than crocodiles, although the adults may be slightly darker with broader heads and blunter noses.

Aviculturists, people who raise birds for commercial sale, have not yet
learned how to simulate the natural incubation of parrot eggs in the wild. They
continue to look for better ways to increase egg production and to improve chick
survival rates. When parrots incubate their eggs in the wild, the temperature and
humidity of the nest are controlled naturally. Heat is transferred from the bird’s
skin to the top portion of the eggshell, leaving the sides and bottom of the egg
at a cooler temperature. This temperature gradient may be vital to successful
hatching. Nest construction can contribute to this temperature gradient. Nests
of loosely arranged sticks, rocks, or dirt are cooler in temperature at the bottom
where the egg contacts the nesting material. Such nests also act as humidity
regulators by allowing rain to drain into the bottom sections of the nest so that
the eggs are not in direct contact with the water. As the water that collects in
the bottom of the nest evaporates, the water vapor rises and is heated by the
incubating bird, which adds significant humidity to the incubation environment.

In artificial incubation programs, aviculturists remove eggs from the nests
of parrots and incubate them under laboratory conditions. Most commercial
incubators heat the eggs fairly evenly from top to bottom, thus ignoring the bird’s
method of natural incubation, and perhaps reducing the viability and survivability
of the hatching chicks. When incubators are not used, aviculturists sometimes
suspend wooden boxes outdoors as use as nests in which to place eggs. In
areas where weather can become cold after eggs are laid, it is very important
to maintain a deep enough layer of nesting material to act as insulation against the
cold bottom of the box. If eggs rest against the wooden bottom in extremely
cold weather conditions, they can become chilled to a point where the embryo
can no longer survive. Similarly, these boxes should be protected from direct
sunlight or high temperatures that are also fatal to the growing embryo.
Nesting material should be added in sufficient amounts to avoid both extreme
temperature situations mentioned above and assure that the eggs have a soft,
secure place to rest.

1. Reference question: The word “they” in line 2 refers to …

2. Synonym question: The word “suspend” in line 19 is the closest meaning to ….

3. Factual information question: According to paragraph 2, the construction of the nest allows water to …

4. Negative factual information question: All of the following are part of a parrot’s incubation method EXCEPT ….

5. Inference question: What can be inferred about why aviculturists add a lot of nesting material in wooden boxes?